Which of the following is a sign of malnutrition in cystic fibrosis patients?

In cystic fibrosis patients, malnutrition can be a significant concern due to a variety of factors, including pancreatic insufficiency, which impairs the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Peripheral edema, which refers to swelling in the limbs due to fluid accumulation, can indeed be a sign of malnutrition. This occurs because malnutrition can lead to low protein levels in the blood, which decreases oncotic pressure and results in fluid leaking into the surrounding tissues.

In contrast, normal growth and weight would indicate that the patient is receiving adequate nutrition, while elevated metabolism and increased appetite might not necessarily signal malnutrition. Elevated metabolism could be a result of increased work of breathing or chronic infection rather than a definitive sign of malnutrition, and an increased appetite can occur despite poor nutrient absorption, leading to an overall inadequate nutritional status. Therefore, peripheral edema serves as a clear indicator of potential malnutrition in individuals with cystic fibrosis.